United Kingdom

United Kingdom PPI

PPI OUTPUT PRICE INDEX: TOTAL OUTPUT 2015=100. Series L522.

142.7

Jul 2026

Mean
87.283
Median
83.100
Min
46.9Jan 1988
Max
142.7Jul 2026
Period Official index Change from previous month, derived Year-over-year change, derived
Jul 2026 142.7 +0.3% +3.0%
Jun 2026 142.3 +0.1% +2.8%
May 2026 142.1 +0.2% +3.0%
Apr 2026 141.8 +0.7% +3.0%
Mar 2026 140.8 +0.6% +3.5%
Feb 2026 140.0 +0.4% +3.2%
Jan 2026 139.4 -0.4% +3.2%
Dec 2025 139.9 +0.4% +3.6%
Nov 2025 139.4 -0.1% +3.6%
Oct 2025 139.5 +0.4% +3.9%
Sep 2025 138.9 0.0% +4.0%
Aug 2025 138.9 +0.3% +4.1%
Jul 2025 138.5 +0.1% +4.2%
Jun 2025 138.4 +0.3% +4.1%
May 2025 138.0 +0.2% +4.0%
Apr 2025 137.7 +1.2% +4.2%
Mar 2025 136.1 +0.4% +3.4%
Feb 2025 135.6 +0.4% +3.7%
Jan 2025 135.1 0.0% +3.9%
Dec 2024 135.1 +0.4% +3.5%
Nov 2024 134.6 +0.2% +3.5%
Oct 2024 134.3 +0.6% +3.1%
Sep 2024 133.5 +0.1% +2.6%
Aug 2024 133.4 +0.4% +3.1%
Jul 2024 132.9 -0.1% +3.0%
Jun 2024 133.0 +0.2% +2.8%
May 2024 132.7 +0.4% +2.8%
Apr 2024 132.2 +0.5% +3.0%
Mar 2024 131.6 +0.6% +3.8%
Feb 2024 130.8 +0.6% +3.8%
Jan 2024 130.0 -0.4% +4.2%
Dec 2023 130.5 +0.4% +4.2%
Nov 2023 130.0 -0.2% +4.2%
Oct 2023 130.2 +0.1% +4.7%
Sep 2023 130.1 +0.5% +6.4%
Aug 2023 129.4 +0.3% +6.2%
Jul 2023 129.0 -0.3% +6.4%
Jun 2023 129.4 +0.2% +7.4%
May 2023 129.1 +0.6% +7.9%
Apr 2023 128.3 +1.2% +7.8%
Mar 2023 126.8 +0.6% +8.8%
Feb 2023 126.0 +1.0% +9.2%
Jan 2023 124.8 -0.4% +8.9%
Dec 2022 125.3 +0.4% +9.2%
Nov 2022 124.8 +0.4% +9.4%
Oct 2022 124.3 +1.6% +9.6%
Sep 2022 122.3 +0.4% +8.8%
Aug 2022 121.8 +0.5% +8.7%
Jul 2022 121.2 +0.6% +8.8%
Jun 2022 120.5 +0.7% +8.2%
May 2022 119.7 +0.6% +7.8%
Apr 2022 119.0 +2.1% +7.8%
Mar 2022 116.5 +1.0% +6.2%
Feb 2022 115.4 +0.7% +5.5%
Jan 2022 114.6 -0.1% +4.8%
Dec 2021 114.7 +0.5% +4.8%
Nov 2021 114.1 +0.6% +4.6%
Oct 2021 113.4 +0.9% +3.8%
Sep 2021 112.4 +0.3% +2.9%
Aug 2021 112.1 +0.6% +3.0%
Jul 2021 111.4 0.0% +2.0%
Jun 2021 111.4 +0.4% +2.4%
May 2021 111.0 +0.5% +2.2%
Apr 2021 110.4 +0.6% +1.7%
Mar 2021 109.7 +0.3% +1.0%
Feb 2021 109.4 +0.1% +0.7%
Jan 2021 109.3 -0.1% +0.9%
Dec 2020 109.4 +0.3% +0.8%
Nov 2020 109.1 -0.1% +0.6%
Oct 2020 109.2 0.0% +0.8%
Sep 2020 109.2 +0.4% +0.7%
Aug 2020 108.8 -0.4% +0.5%
Jul 2020 109.2 +0.4% +1.1%
Jun 2020 108.8 +0.2% +0.8%
May 2020 108.6 0.0% +0.6%
Apr 2020 108.6 0.0% +0.9%
Mar 2020 108.6 0.0% +1.5%
Feb 2020 108.6 +0.3% +1.7%
Jan 2020 108.3 -0.2% +1.8%
Dec 2019 108.5 0.0% +1.3%
Nov 2019 108.5 +0.2% +1.5%
Oct 2019 108.3 -0.1% +1.5%
Sep 2019 108.4 +0.1% +1.7%
Aug 2019 108.3 +0.3% +1.7%
Jul 2019 108.0 +0.1% +2.0%
Jun 2019 107.9 0.0% +1.9%
May 2019 107.9 +0.3% +1.9%
Apr 2019 107.6 +0.6% +2.0%
Mar 2019 107.0 +0.2% +1.8%
Feb 2019 106.8 +0.4% +1.8%
Jan 2019 106.4 -0.7% +1.8%
Dec 2018 107.1 +0.2% +2.0%
Nov 2018 106.9 +0.2% +2.1%
Oct 2018 106.7 +0.1% +2.2%
Sep 2018 106.6 +0.1% +2.2%
Aug 2018 106.5 +0.6% +2.4%
Jul 2018 105.9 0.0% +2.3%
Jun 2018 105.9 0.0% +2.3%
May 2018 105.9 +0.4% +2.3%
Apr 2018 105.5 +0.4% +2.2%
Mar 2018 105.1 +0.2% +2.3%
Feb 2018 104.9 +0.4% +2.4%
Jan 2018 104.5 -0.5% +2.7%
Dec 2017 105.0 +0.3% +2.7%
Nov 2017 104.7 +0.3% +2.8%
Oct 2017 104.4 +0.1% +2.8%
Sep 2017 104.3 +0.3% +2.8%
Aug 2017 104.0 +0.5% +2.8%
Jul 2017 103.5 0.0% +2.6%
Jun 2017 103.5 0.0% +2.5%
May 2017 103.5 +0.3% +2.7%
Apr 2017 103.2 +0.5% +2.6%
Mar 2017 102.7 +0.3% +2.3%
Feb 2017 102.4 +0.6% +2.3%
Jan 2017 101.8 -0.4% +1.9%
Dec 2016 102.2 +0.4% +1.8%
Nov 2016 101.8 +0.2% +1.5%
Oct 2016 101.6 +0.1% +1.3%
Sep 2016 101.5 +0.3% +1.3%
Aug 2016 101.2 +0.3% +0.9%
Jul 2016 100.9 -0.1% +0.9%
Jun 2016 101.0 +0.2% +0.9%
May 2016 100.8 +0.2% +0.7%
Apr 2016 100.6 +0.2% +0.7%
Mar 2016 100.4 +0.3% +0.8%
Feb 2016 100.1 +0.2% +0.6%
Jan 2016 99.9 -0.5% +0.7%
Dec 2015 100.4 +0.1% +0.5%
Nov 2015 100.3 0.0% +0.4%
Oct 2015 100.3 +0.1% +0.2%
Sep 2015 100.2 -0.1% +0.2%
Aug 2015 100.3 +0.3% +0.4%
Jul 2015 100.0 -0.1% +0.4%
Jun 2015 100.1 0.0% +0.3%
May 2015 100.1 +0.2% +0.5%
Apr 2015 99.9 +0.3% +0.3%
Mar 2015 99.6 +0.1% +0.3%
Feb 2015 99.5 +0.3% +0.4%
Jan 2015 99.2 -0.7% +0.5%
Dec 2014 99.9 0.0% +0.7%
Nov 2014 99.9 -0.2% +1.1%
Oct 2014 100.1 +0.1% +1.3%
Sep 2014 100.0 +0.1% +1.3%
Aug 2014 99.9 +0.3% +1.5%
Jul 2014 99.6 -0.2% +1.6%
Jun 2014 99.8 +0.2% +1.8%
May 2014 99.6 0.0% +1.4%
Apr 2014 99.6 +0.3% +1.6%
Mar 2014 99.3 +0.2% +1.5%
Feb 2014 99.1 +0.4% +1.6%
Jan 2014 98.7 -0.5% +1.8%
Dec 2013 99.2 +0.4% +2.0%
Nov 2013 98.8 0.0% +1.9%
Oct 2013 98.8 +0.1% +2.1%
Sep 2013 98.7 +0.3% +2.4%
Aug 2013 98.4 +0.4% +2.4%
Jul 2013 98.0 0.0% +2.4%
Jun 2013 98.0 -0.2% +2.5%
May 2013 98.2 +0.2% +2.4%
Apr 2013 98.0 +0.2% +2.2%
Mar 2013 97.8 +0.3% +2.5%
Feb 2013 97.5 +0.5% +2.4%
Jan 2013 97.0 -0.3% +2.4%
Dec 2012 97.3 +0.3% +2.4%
Nov 2012 97.0 +0.2% +2.4%
Oct 2012 96.8 +0.4% +2.4%
Sep 2012 96.4 +0.3% +2.0%
Aug 2012 96.1 +0.4% +2.3%
Jul 2012 95.7 +0.1% +2.4%
Jun 2012 95.6 -0.3% +2.2%
May 2012 95.9 0.0% +2.6%
Apr 2012 95.9 +0.5% +2.8%
Mar 2012 95.4 +0.2% +3.0%
Feb 2012 95.2 +0.5% +3.1%
Jan 2012 94.7 -0.3% +3.2%
Dec 2011 95.0 +0.3% +3.6%
Nov 2011 94.7 +0.2% +4.2%
Oct 2011 94.5 0.0% +4.3%
Sep 2011 94.5 +0.6% +4.5%
Aug 2011 93.9 +0.4% +3.9%
Jul 2011 93.5 0.0% +3.9%
Jun 2011 93.5 0.0% +3.7%
May 2011 93.5 +0.2% +3.8%
Apr 2011 93.3 +0.8% +3.8%
Mar 2011 92.6 +0.3% +3.6%
Feb 2011 92.3 +0.5% +3.7%
Jan 2011 91.8 +0.1% +3.4%
Dec 2010 91.7 +0.9% +3.1%
Nov 2010 90.9 +0.3% +2.6%
Oct 2010 90.6 +0.2% +2.5%
Sep 2010 90.4 0.0% +2.4%
Aug 2010 90.4 +0.4% +2.4%
Jul 2010 90.0 -0.2% +2.3%
Jun 2010 90.2 +0.1% +2.4%
May 2010 90.1 +0.2% +2.5%
Apr 2010 89.9 +0.6% +2.7%
Mar 2010 89.4 +0.4% +2.4%
Feb 2010 89.0 +0.2% +2.1%
Jan 2010 88.8 -0.1% +2.5%
Dec 2009 88.9 +0.3% +2.1%
Nov 2009 88.6 +0.2% +1.5%
Oct 2009 88.4 +0.1% +1.3%
Sep 2009 88.3 0.0% +0.9%
Aug 2009 88.3 +0.3% +1.4%
Jul 2009 88.0 -0.1% +1.6%
Jun 2009 88.1 +0.2% +1.7%
May 2009 87.9 +0.5% +2.1%
Apr 2009 87.5 +0.2% +2.2%
Mar 2009 87.3 +0.1% +2.8%
Feb 2009 87.2 +0.7% +3.1%
Jan 2009 86.6 -0.6% +3.0%
Dec 2008 87.1 -0.2% +3.1%
Nov 2008 87.3 0.0% +3.8%
Oct 2008 87.3 -0.2% +4.2%
Sep 2008 87.5 +0.5% +4.8%
Aug 2008 87.1 +0.6% +4.4%
Jul 2008 86.6 0.0% +4.2%
Jun 2008 86.6 +0.6% +3.7%
May 2008 86.1 +0.6% +3.4%
Apr 2008 85.6 +0.8% +3.0%
Mar 2008 84.9 +0.4% +2.5%
Feb 2008 84.6 +0.6% +2.7%
Jan 2008 84.1 -0.5% +2.4%
Dec 2007 84.5 +0.5% +2.3%
Nov 2007 84.1 +0.4% +2.3%
Oct 2007 83.8 +0.4% +2.2%
Sep 2007 83.5 +0.1% +2.0%
Aug 2007 83.4 +0.4% +2.0%
Jul 2007 83.1 -0.5% +2.0%
Jun 2007 83.5 +0.2% +2.5%
May 2007 83.3 +0.2% +2.5%
Apr 2007 83.1 +0.4% +2.7%
Mar 2007 82.8 +0.5% +3.0%
Feb 2007 82.4 +0.4% +2.7%
Jan 2007 82.1 -0.6% +2.6%
Dec 2006 82.6 +0.5% +2.9%
Nov 2006 82.2 +0.2% +2.8%
Oct 2006 82.0 +0.1% +2.5%
Sep 2006 81.9 +0.1% +2.5%
Aug 2006 81.8 +0.4% +2.6%
Jul 2006 81.5 0.0% +2.5%
Jun 2006 81.5 +0.2% +2.6%
May 2006 81.3 +0.5% +2.4%
Apr 2006 80.9 +0.6% +2.3%
Mar 2006 80.4 +0.2% +2.0%
Feb 2006 80.2 +0.3% +2.2%
Jan 2006 80.0 -0.4% +2.2%
Dec 2005 80.3 +0.4% +2.2%
Nov 2005 80.0 0.0% +2.2%
Oct 2005 80.0 +0.1% +2.4%
Sep 2005 79.9 +0.3% +2.6%
Aug 2005 79.7 +0.3% +2.3%
Jul 2005 79.5 +0.1% +2.3%
Jun 2005 79.4 0.0% +1.9%
May 2005 79.4 +0.4% +1.9%
Apr 2005 79.1 +0.4% +1.9%
Mar 2005 78.8 +0.4% +1.9%
Feb 2005 78.5 +0.3% +1.7%
Jan 2005 78.3 -0.4% +1.7%
Dec 2004 78.6 +0.4% +1.7%
Nov 2004 78.3 +0.3% +1.6%
Oct 2004 78.1 +0.3% +1.3%
Sep 2004 77.9 0.0% +1.2%
Aug 2004 77.9 +0.3% +1.4%
Jul 2004 77.7 -0.3% +1.4%
Jun 2004 77.9 0.0% +1.6%
May 2004 77.9 +0.4% +1.4%
Apr 2004 77.6 +0.4% +1.0%
Mar 2004 77.3 +0.1% +1.2%
Feb 2004 77.2 +0.3% +1.4%
Jan 2004 77.0 -0.4% +1.4%
Dec 2003 77.3 +0.3% +1.3%
Nov 2003 77.1 0.0% +1.3%
Oct 2003 77.1 +0.1% +1.3%
Sep 2003 77.0 +0.3% +1.3%
Aug 2003 76.8 +0.3% +1.3%
Jul 2003 76.6 -0.1% +1.3%
Jun 2003 76.7 -0.1% +1.2%
May 2003 76.8 0.0% +1.3%
Apr 2003 76.8 +0.5% +1.6%
Mar 2003 76.4 +0.4% +1.6%
Feb 2003 76.1 +0.3% +1.5%
Jan 2003 75.9 -0.5% +1.5%
Dec 2002 76.3 +0.3% +1.7%
Nov 2002 76.1 0.0% +1.6%
Oct 2002 76.1 +0.1% +1.6%
Sep 2002 76.0 +0.3% +1.3%
Aug 2002 75.8 +0.3% +1.3%
Jul 2002 75.6 -0.3% +1.5%
Jun 2002 75.8 0.0% +1.1%
May 2002 75.8 +0.3% +1.2%
Apr 2002 75.6 +0.5% +1.6%
Mar 2002 75.2 +0.3% +1.8%
Feb 2002 75.0 +0.3% +1.8%
Jan 2002 74.8 -0.3% +1.8%
Dec 2001 75.0 +0.1% +1.4%
Nov 2001 74.9 0.0% +1.2%
Oct 2001 74.9 -0.1% +1.5%
Sep 2001 75.0 +0.3% +1.6%
Aug 2001 74.8 +0.4% +2.0%
Jul 2001 74.5 -0.7% +1.6%
Jun 2001 75.0 +0.1% +1.9%
May 2001 74.9 +0.7% +1.9%
Apr 2001 74.4 +0.7% +1.5%
Mar 2001 73.9 +0.3% +1.2%
Feb 2001 73.7 +0.3% +1.2%
Jan 2001 73.5 -0.7% +1.2%
Dec 2000 74.0 0.0% +1.2%
Nov 2000 74.0 +0.3% +1.5%
Oct 2000 73.8 0.0% +1.4%
Sep 2000 73.8 +0.7% +1.4%
Aug 2000 73.3 0.0% +1.0%
Jul 2000 73.3 -0.4% +1.2%
Jun 2000 73.6 +0.1% +1.2%
May 2000 73.5 +0.3% +1.0%
Apr 2000 73.3 +0.4% +1.0%
Mar 2000 73.0 +0.3% +1.0%
Feb 2000 72.8 +0.3% +1.3%
Jan 2000 72.6 -0.7% +1.1%
Dec 1999 73.1 +0.3% +1.5%
Nov 1999 72.9 +0.1% +1.5%
Oct 1999 72.8 0.0% +1.5%
Sep 1999 72.8 +0.3% +1.5%
Aug 1999 72.6 +0.3% +1.7%
Jul 1999 72.4 -0.4% +1.7%
Jun 1999 72.7 -0.1% +1.8%
May 1999 72.8 +0.3% +1.8%
Apr 1999 72.6 +0.4% +2.0%
Mar 1999 72.3 +0.6% +2.1%
Feb 1999 71.9 +0.1% +1.8%
Jan 1999 71.8 -0.3% +2.0%
Dec 1998 72.0 +0.3% +1.8%
Nov 1998 71.8 +0.1% +1.7%
Oct 1998 71.7 0.0% +1.6%
Sep 1998 71.7 +0.4% +1.7%
Aug 1998 71.4 +0.3% +1.6%
Jul 1998 71.2 -0.3% +1.7%
Jun 1998 71.4 -0.1% +1.9%
May 1998 71.5 +0.4% +2.1%
Apr 1998 71.2 +0.6% +2.2%
Mar 1998 70.8 +0.3% +2.0%
Feb 1998 70.6 +0.3% +1.9%
Jan 1998 70.4 -0.4% +1.7%
Dec 1997 70.7 +0.1% +1.9%
Nov 1997 70.6 0.0% +2.0%
Oct 1997 70.6 +0.1% +2.2%
Sep 1997 70.5 +0.3% +2.2%
Aug 1997 70.3 +0.4% +2.3%
Jul 1997 70.0 -0.1% +2.5%
Jun 1997 70.1 +0.1% +2.0%
May 1997 70.0 +0.4% +2.0%
Apr 1997 69.7 +0.4% +2.0%
Mar 1997 69.4 +0.1% +2.2%
Feb 1997 69.3 +0.1% +2.4%
Jan 1997 69.2 -0.3% +2.7%
Dec 1996 69.4 +0.3% +2.8%
Nov 1996 69.2 +0.1% +3.1%
Oct 1996 69.1 +0.1% +3.0%
Sep 1996 69.0 +0.4% +2.7%
Aug 1996 68.7 +0.6% +2.7%
Jul 1996 68.3 -0.6% +2.6%
Jun 1996 68.7 +0.1% +2.8%
May 1996 68.6 +0.4% +2.8%
Apr 1996 68.3 +0.6% +2.9%
Mar 1996 67.9 +0.3% +2.9%
Feb 1996 67.7 +0.4% +3.0%
Jan 1996 67.4 -0.1% +2.9%
Dec 1995 67.5 +0.6% +3.1%
Nov 1995 67.1 0.0% +2.9%
Oct 1995 67.1 -0.1% +3.1%
Sep 1995 67.2 +0.4% +3.1%
Aug 1995 66.9 +0.5% +2.8%
Jul 1995 66.6 -0.3% +2.9%
Jun 1995 66.8 +0.1% +2.6%
May 1995 66.7 +0.5% +2.5%
Apr 1995 66.4 +0.6% +2.3%
Mar 1995 66.0 +0.5% +2.5%
Feb 1995 65.7 +0.3% +2.3%
Jan 1995 65.5 0.0% +2.3%
Dec 1994 65.5 +0.5% +2.3%
Nov 1994 65.2 +0.2% +2.2%
Oct 1994 65.1 -0.2% +1.7%
Sep 1994 65.2 +0.2% +1.9%
Aug 1994 65.1 +0.6% +2.2%
Jul 1994 64.7 -0.6% +2.1%
Jun 1994 65.1 0.0% +2.4%
May 1994 65.1 +0.3% +2.4%
Apr 1994 64.9 +0.8% +2.4%
Mar 1994 64.4 +0.3% +2.2%
Feb 1994 64.2 +0.3% +2.4%
Jan 1994 64.0 0.0% +2.6%
Dec 1993 64.0 +0.3% +2.2%
Nov 1993 63.8 -0.3% +2.1%
Oct 1993 64.0 0.0% +2.4%
Sep 1993 64.0 +0.5% +2.7%
Aug 1993 63.7 +0.5% +2.6%
Jul 1993 63.4 -0.3% +2.3%
Jun 1993 63.6 0.0% +2.3%
May 1993 63.6 +0.3% +2.3%
Apr 1993 63.4 +0.6% +2.6%
Mar 1993 63.0 +0.5% +3.1%
Feb 1993 62.7 +0.5% +3.1%
Jan 1993 62.4 -0.3% +3.1%
Dec 1992 62.6 +0.2% +3.1%
Nov 1992 62.5 0.0% +3.3%
Oct 1992 62.5 +0.3% +3.5%
Sep 1992 62.3 +0.3% +3.7%
Aug 1992 62.1 +0.2% +3.7%
Jul 1992 62.0 -0.3% +4.6%
Jun 1992 62.2 0.0% +4.5%
May 1992 62.2 +0.6% +5.1%
Apr 1992 61.8 +1.1% +5.3%
Mar 1992 61.1 +0.5% +6.3%
Feb 1992 60.8 +0.5% +6.3%
Jan 1992 60.5 -0.3% +6.1%
Dec 1991 60.7 +0.3% +6.5%
Nov 1991 60.5 +0.2% +6.3%
Oct 1991 60.4 +0.5% +6.5%
Sep 1991 60.1 +0.3% +6.9%
Aug 1991 59.9 +1.0% +7.5%
Jul 1991 59.3 -0.3% +7.4%
Jun 1991 59.5 +0.5% +7.8%
May 1991 59.2 +0.9% +7.6%
Apr 1991 58.7 +2.1% +7.9%
Mar 1991 57.5 +0.5% +8.3%
Feb 1991 57.2 +0.4% +8.1%
Jan 1991 57.0 0.0% +8.8%
Dec 1990 57.0 +0.2% +9.2%
Nov 1990 56.9 +0.4% +9.2%
Oct 1990 56.7 +0.9% +9.2%
Sep 1990 56.2 +0.9% +9.1%
Aug 1990 55.7 +0.9% +9.0%
Jul 1990 55.2 0.0% +8.2%
Jun 1990 55.2 +0.4% +8.2%
May 1990 55.0 +1.1% +8.1%
Apr 1990 54.4 +2.4% +7.7%
Mar 1990 53.1 +0.4% +6.2%
Feb 1990 52.9 +1.0% +6.4%
Jan 1990 52.4 +0.4% +5.9%
Dec 1989 52.2 +0.2% +5.9%
Nov 1989 52.1 +0.4% +5.7%
Oct 1989 51.9 +0.8% +5.9%
Sep 1989 51.5 +0.8% +5.7%
Aug 1989 51.1 +0.2% +5.4%
Jul 1989 51.0 0.0% +5.8%
Jun 1989 51.0 +0.2% +5.8%
May 1989 50.9 +0.8% +6.0%
Apr 1989 50.5 +1.0% +5.6%
Mar 1989 50.0 +0.6% +5.9%
Feb 1989 49.7 +0.4% +5.7%
Jan 1989 49.5 +0.4% +5.5%
Dec 1988 49.3 0.0%
Nov 1988 49.3 +0.6%
Oct 1988 49.0 +0.6%
Sep 1988 48.7 +0.4%
Aug 1988 48.5 +0.6%
Jul 1988 48.2 0.0%
Jun 1988 48.2 +0.4%
May 1988 48.0 +0.4%
Apr 1988 47.8 +1.3%
Mar 1988 47.2 +0.4%
Feb 1988 47.0 +0.2%
Jan 1988 46.9

Chart plots official published points only. Line segments are not interpolations of unpublished dates. A break appears where an official point is missing.

Notes

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Series L522, PPI OUTPUT PRICE INDEX: TOTAL OUTPUT 2015=100. Retrieved 2026-08-27 from the official source. Official observations are stored unmodified. Licence: Open Government Licence v3.0. Related series: CPI All items.